John thomas simpson



3-. T. SIMPSON.

DEFDRMED- REENFORCING BAR.

APPLICATION FILED 020.213.1920,

Patented July '18, 1922.v

uNiTEn stares rarest caries.

JOHN THOMAS sIMrsou, or NEWARK, new JEnsnY.

DEFORMED REENFORCING BAR.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, J OHN THOMAS Sun soN, a citizen of the UnitedStatesand a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of NewJersey, have invented a certain new and; useful Deformed ReenforcingBar, of which the following is a specification. I 1

The invention relates to reenforcing bars adapted to be embedded inconcrete whereby the resulting structure will be strengthened, as iswell known in the reenforced concrete art.

The object of the invention is to. produce a deformed reenforcing barwhich will be of uniform cross section whereby the strength thereof willnot vary at different points on the bar.

A further object isto so proportion and arrange the deformations thatthe bar when embedded in a matrix will be prevented from longitudinalmovement due to thrust, expansion or contraction in either direction.

A further object'of the invention is to produce such a bar, which iscapableof being rolled, and therefore cheap of construction.

These and further objects will more fully appear in the followingspecification and claims, and in the accompanying drawings, consideredtogether or separately.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which like parts in each of the several figures aredesignated by similar characters. of references, and in which-- c Fig. Iis a side "elevation of a 'reenforoing bar deformed in accordance withthe invention. Y r

Fig. 2 is a'se'ction on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a similar View of a modification, and

Fig. 4: isiai side elevation of a further modification.

In the embodiment of the the invention illustratedin Fig-s1 andjQ,Ldesignates reenforcing bar, preferably of rectangular cross section,provided' onitssides with deformations.- The deformations, arepreferably on all of the four sides of the bar and consist of portionsraised above the major portions of the plane surfaces thereof.

The deformations are in the form of three Specification ofLettersP-atent.

Patented July 18, 1922.

Application filed December 28, 1920. Serial No. 433,625.

pointed stars each having one of its salients 2 longer than the othersand extending longitudinally of the bar, and in the center line of theside. The salients of each star are preferably triangular in crosssection with the altitude perpendicular to the plane of the surface'ofthe bar, and the sides thereof are at angles slightly less than 45.

' The starsare arranged in two series a. and

:6, those of thefseries at having the salient 2 aside will be opposed tothe short salients" of the next adjacent star, the extremities of thesalient of adjacent stars being spaced apart. a

Each star of each series is opposite one of the other series in theopposite side of the barand said opposed stars have their salients 2extending in opposite directions as shown. 1

Instead of-making the bar rectangular, as above described, it may bemade of any other desired cross section, and in Fig. 3

a bar 4 of circular cross section is shown.

The deformations 5 are proportioned and arranged as inFig. 1, butinstead of'being angular are of curved cross section.

in Fig. 4 is illustrated an arrangement in' which the deformations arein the form of symmetrical stars 6 arranged in a single series spirallyaround the bar. Being in a single seriesthere is no star oppositeanother. 7

The longitudinally alined stars on each plane side ofthe bar are soarranged that a re entrant angle 7 of each star is opposed to anopposite reentrant angle 8 of each adjacent star whereby a pocket isformed between each pair of stars, and said pockets are of the pocketsbeing opposed.

The stars may be of forms other than those shown, it being understoodthat when unsymmetrical stars are employed they will be arranged asshown in Fig.- 1 whereby thoseofoneseries will form reentrant angles toprevent movement of the bar in one partially and angularly "enclosed bythe salients of the stars the angular boundaries direction, While thoseof the other series will form oppositely disposed reentrant angles toprevent movement in the opposite direction.

lVhen symmetrical stars areemployed each deformation will presentreentrant angles to prevent movement of the bar in either direction.

In all cases the deformations are so arranged relatively to each otherin the longitudinal dimension of the bar that the cross sectional areathereof will be equal at all points.

When the bar of Figs. 1, '2 and 3 is embedded in concrete the pocketsbetween the reentrant angles a and b will of course be filled and whenthe concrete sets the Walls a will prevent movement of the barrelatively-to the concrete in one direction, and the Walls 6 Willprevent movement in the opposite direction.

lVhen symmetrical deformations are em ployed each projecting portion ofthe bar, that is each star, will act to prevent movementof the bar ineither direction.

It is to be understood that-the invention is not limited to forming thedistortions on diametricallyopposite sides of the bar, nor on all of thesides of a bar of angular cross section. An angular bar may have thedistortionson any or all of its sides, or a nonangular bar may have themarranged in any number of longitudinal lines.

The distortions need not be so disposed relatively to each other thatthe cross sectional area of the bar, as a Whole, will be uniformalthough such a construction is desirable and preferred.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes. the principleof the invention has been described,together With What is now consideredto be the best embodiment thereof, but it is desired to have itunderstood that the example given is merely illustrative, and that theinvention may be carried out .in other Ways.

The invention having been describechwhat isclaimed and desired to besecured by Letters Patent is as. follows:

1. An article of the character described, comprising an elongated body,a plurality of protuberances on the body, each protuberance having atleast three salients extending parallel to the plane-of the surface ofthe body, one at leastof said salients extending longitudinally in :theplane of the axis of the body, and one at least of the reentrant anglesof the protuberance having each of its sides at an acute angle to thelongitudinal axis of the body.

2. An article of the character described, omprising an elongated body, aplurality of protuberances on the body, each protuben ance having atleast three salients extending parallel to the plane of the surface ofthe body, one at least of said salients extending hmgitiu'linally in theplane of the axis of thebody, and one at least of the reentrant anglesof the protuberance having each of its sides at an acute angle tolongitudinal axis of the body, the reentrant angle of oneprotuberancebeing opposed to tlie reentrant angle to the next adjacentprotuberance.

An article of the character described, comprising an elongated body, aplurality of protuberances on the body, each protuberance consisting ofan unsymmetrical threepointed star, one of the salientsof the starextending longitudinally of the body, the other salients extending atacute angles relatively to the axis of the body, the stars being soarranged and disposed that the angular salients of one star are opposedto the angular salients of the next adjoining star, at one side thereof,and the longitudinal salient of said star being opposed to the similarsalient of the next star on the opposite side thereof.

4:. An article of the character described, comprising an elongated body,a plurality of protuberances on the body, each protuberance consistingof an unsymmetrical threepointed star, one of the salients of the starextending longitudinally of the body, the other salients extending atacute angles relatively to the axis of the body, the stars being soarranged and disposed that the angular salients of one star are opposedto the angular salients of the next adjoining star at one side thereof,and the longitudinal salient of said star being opposed to the similarsalient of the next star on the opposite side thereof, all of thesalients being triangular in cross section.

5. An article of the character described, con'iprising an elongatedbody, a plurality of protuberances on the body, each protubel anceconsisting of an unsymmetrical threepointed star, one of the salients ofthe star extending longitudinally of the body, said salient being longerthan the other salients of the star, the other salients extending .atacute angles relatively to the axis of the body, the stars being soarranged and disposed that the angular salients of one star are opposedto the angular salients of the next adjoining star at one side thereof,and the longitudinal salient of said star being opposed to its similarsalient of the next star on the opposite side thereof, all of thesalients being triangular in cross section.

6. A device of the character described, comprising an elongated body,four sets of equally spaced protuberances arranged longitudinally of thebody, those of one set being diametrically opposite a set on theopposite side of the body, each protuberance being in the form of anunsymmetrical three-pointed star, one of the salients of each starextending longitudinally of the body, said salient being longer than thebar being staggered relatively to those of the other salients, each ofsaid other salients next adjoining set.

being at an acute angle to the longitudinal This specification signedand witnessed axis of the bar, adjoining stars of each set this 23rd dayof December, 1920.

pointing in opposite directions longitudi- JOHN THOMAS SIMPSON. nally ofthe bar, each star pointing in the Witnesses: opposite direction to thestar on the opposite MABEL G. BUSH,

side of the bar, the stars on each side of the FLORENCE I. CARMAN.

